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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vmait</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Computational Mathematics and Information Technologies</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Computational Mathematics and Information Technologies</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2587-8999</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Донской государственный технический университет</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">2587-8999-2026-10-3-7-21</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vmait-243</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МАТЕМАТИЧЕСКОЕ МОДЕЛИРОВАНИЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>MATHEMATICAL MODELLING</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Численное моделирование сценария разлива плавучего нефтехранилища Safer в южной части Красного моря</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Numerical Modelling of the FSO Safer Oil Spill Scenario in the Southern Red Sea</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7744-015X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сидорякина</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sidoryakina</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Валентина Владимировна Сидорякина, доктор физико-математических наук, доцент, профессор кафедры математики и информатики  </p><p>344003, г. Ростов-на-Дону, пл. Гагарина, 1 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Valentina V. Sidoryakina, Doctor of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Associate Professor, Professor at the Department of Mathematics and Informatics </p><p>1, Gagarin Sq., Rostov-on-Don, 344003 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">cvv9@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2270-5011</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Берая</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Beraia</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Владимир Александрович Берая, аспирант кафедры математики и информатики </p><p>344003, г. Ростов-на-Дону, пл. Гагарина, 1 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vladimir A. Beraia, Postgraduate Student of the Department of Mathematics and Informatics </p><p>1, Gagarin Sq., Rostov-on-Don, 344003 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vberia@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-3239-6150</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Благин</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Blagin</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Вячеслав Анатолиевич Благин, аспирант кафедры математики и информатики </p><p>344003, г. Ростов-на-Дону, пл. Гагарина, 1 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vyacheslav A. Blagin, Degree-seeking Applicant of the Department of Mathematics and Informatics </p><p>1, Gagarin Sq., Rostov-on-Don, 344003, </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">blagin.inbox@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Донской государственный технический университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Don State Technical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>04</day><month>10</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>10</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>7</fpage><lpage>21</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Сидорякина В.В., Берая В.А., Благин В.А., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Сидорякина В.В., Берая В.А., Благин В.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Sidoryakina V.V., Beraia V.A., Blagin V.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.cmit-journal.ru/jour/article/view/243">https://www.cmit-journal.ru/jour/article/view/243</self-uri><abstract><p>Введение. Работа посвящена математическому моделированию сценариев аварийного разлива нефти в акватории Красного моря в районе расположения плавучего нефтехранилища (FSO Safer) у побережья Йемена. Построены прогностические траектории дрейфа нефтяного пятна, формирующиеся под влиянием адвекции, диффузии, испарения, растворения и биоразложения. Результаты моделирования позволили выявить пространственно-временные закономерности трансформации пятна, определить зоны наибольшего экологического риска вдоль йеменского побережья и оценить потенциальный ущерб для морских экосистем и социально-экономической инфраструктуры региона. Материалы и методы. Разработана трёхмерная численная модель нефтяного разлива для прогноза переноса и выветривания нефти в первые 72 ч, наиболее важные для организации реагирования. Численная модель использует поверхностные течения и температуру глобального анализа HYCOM GOFS 3.1, ветер реанализа ERA5. При моделировании динамики нефти учитывался её многофракционный состав, мезомасштабный характер течений, физико-химические процессы выветривания (испарение и растворение), а также кинетика биоразложения с динамикой популяции микроорганизмов. Результаты исследования. Результаты показывают медленное смещение пятна к северо-востоку со скоростью около 0,03 м/с (6,5 км за 72 ч) с выходом на побережье у Рас-Исы в первые сутки. Потеря массы за 72 ч составляет 23,4 %, из которых 96,7 % приходится на испарение и 3,3 % на растворение, тогда как вклад биоразложения при реалистичной биомассе микроорганизмов на этом горизонте не превышает 0,1 %. Дополнительно рассмотрен режим устойчивого северного переноса, выбранный по трёхлетнему ряду данных о течениях и ветрах периода 2023–2025 гг. С 29 января по 1 февраля 2023 г. пятно за трое суток проходит около 100 км на север вдоль побережья Йемена до островов Камаран, при этом потеря массы возрастает до 32 %. Обсуждение. Для точного прогноза дрейфа требуются актуальные гидрометеорологические данные на дату сценария, так как траектория и дальность смещения задаются полями течений и ветра. В качестве исходных условий используются данные спутникового радиолокационного мониторинга. Заключение. На основе открытых данных разработана воспроизводимая прогностическая модель нефтяного разлива для оперативного мониторинга и оценки экологических рисков в южной акватории Красного моря. Полученные результаты служат научным обоснованием для экстренного внедрения защитных мер и планирования региональных сценариев ликвидации последствий ЧС.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Introduction. This study is devoted to mathematical modeling of accidental oil spill scenarios in the Red Sea in the vicinity of the floating storage and offloading unit FSO Safer off the coast of Yemen. Predictive trajectories of oil-slick drift were constructed under the combined effects of advection, diffusion, evaporation, dissolution, and biodegradation. The modelling results made it possible to identify spatiotemporal patterns of slick transformation, determine the areas of greatest environmental risk along the Yemeni coast, and assess potential damage to marine ecosystems and the region’s socioeconomic infrastructure. Materials and Methods. A three-dimensional numerical oil-spill model was developed to predict oil transport and weathering during the first 72 h, which are most critical for mounting an emergency response. The numerical model uses surface currents and temperature from the HYCOM GOFS 3.1 global analysis and winds from the ERA5 reanalysis. Oil dynamics were simulated accounting for the multifraction composition of the oil, the mesoscale character of the currents, physicochemical weathering processes (evaporation and dissolution), and biodegradation kinetics coupled with microbial population dynamics. Results. The results show a slow northeastward displacement of the slick at a velocity of approximately 0.03 m/s (6.5 km over 72 h), with landfall near Ras Isa during the first day. Mass loss over 72 h is 23.4%, of which 96.7% is due to evaporation and 3.3% is due to dissolution, whereas the contribution of biodegradation at realistic microbial biomass levels does not exceed 0.1% over this time horizon. In addition, a regime of persistent northward transport was considered, selected from a threeyear series of current and wind data for 2023–2025. From January 29 to February 1, 2023, the slick travels approximately 100 km northward along the Yemeni coast to the Kamaran Islands in three days, while mass loss increases to 32%. Discussion. Accurate drift forecasting requires up-to-date hydrometeorological data for the scenario date because the trajectory and displacement distance are determined by the current and wind fields. Satellite radar monitoring data are used as initial conditions. Conclusion. A reproducible predictive oil-spill model based on open data was developed for operational monitoring and environmental risk assessment in the southern Red Sea. The results provide a scientific basis for the urgent implementation of protective measures and for planning regional emergency-response scenarios.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>моделирование нефтяного разлива</kwd><kwd>оценка экологических рисков</kwd><kwd>перенос и выветривание нефти</kwd><kwd>испарение нефти</kwd><kwd>HYCOM</kwd><kwd>ERA5</kwd><kwd>дистанционное зондирование</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>oil spill modelling</kwd><kwd>environmental risk assessment</kwd><kwd>oil transport and weathering</kwd><kwd>evaporation</kwd><kwd>HYCOM</kwd><kwd>ERA5</kwd><kwd>remote sensing</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено при финансовой поддержке РНФ в рамках проекта № 22–11–00295–П</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study was supported by the Russian Science Foundation grant No. 22–11–00295–П</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Huynh B.Q., Kwong L.H., Kiang M.V., Chin E.T., Mohareb A.M., Jumaan A.O. et al. 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